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CDSiC & Developers

Patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS) provides an opportunity to demonstrate the power of health information technology to bring patients and clinicians together to make shared healthcare decisions. The Clinical Decision Support Innovation Collaborative (CDSiC) promotes the development of effective, evidence-based, and patient-centered clinical decision support (CDS) tools.

People sitting at computers in a roomThe implementation of the electronic health record (EHR) has revolutionized healthcare by making health data more accessible. However, it has untapped potential. Health systems and patients alike are eager for solutions that enhance patient-centered and value-based care by utilizing that EHR data. Health IT developers are helping achieve this vision by engaging patients through the co-design of CDS tools and by building apps and tools that patients can trust. The CDSiC is guided by the expertise of health IT developers doing this work in the real world, and serves to connect these health IT innovators with clinicians, patients, and research communities so that PC CDS resources truly support the delivery of patient-centered care.

In this rapidly changing area, the CDSiC aims to serve as a central source for guidance and resources for developing, implementing, maintaining, and continuously improving PC CDS. Developers can find tools and resources here that reflect the evolving health IT standards and regulatory environment.

Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: Environmental Scan
This environmental scan reveals opportunities to evolve standards and regulatory frameworks to advance patient-centered clinical decision support.
An Overview of Standards for Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support
This factsheet describes available standards and future opportunities for the patient-centered clinical decision support technical landscape.
Trust and Patient-Centeredness Workgroup: Methods for Involving End Users in PC CDS Codesign
This resource paves the way for end users' involvement in codesign of patient-centered clinical decision support.
Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: Improving Interoperability of Patient Apps with the Health IT Ecosystem
This report identifies opportunities for improving patient app interoperability to advance patient-centered clinical decision support.
Patient-Generated Health Data (PGHD) Visualization Software Toolkit Overview
This software toolkit allows users to adapt or create new visualizations involving patient-generated health data (PGHD) for both patients and clinicians to support patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS).
Visualization of Patient-Generated Health Data: A Scoping Review of Dashboard Designs
From the AHRQ CDSiC Innovation Center, this article published in Applied Clinical Informatics (ACI) shares findings from a scoping review of studies of patient-generated health data (PGHD) dashboards that involved clinician users in design or evaluations.
Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: Advancing Standardized Representations for Patient Preferences to Support Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support
This report describes standards for patient-preferences data.
Trust and Patient-Centeredness Workgroup: Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Generative Artificial Intelligence in Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support
This report provides descriptions of patient and caregiver perspectives on the use of generative artificial intelligence in patient-centered clinical decision support.
Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Workgroup: Landscape Assessment on the Use of Artificial Intelligence to Scale PC CDS
This report assesses use of artificial intelligence to scale patient-centered clinical decision support.
Quartz App to Support Medication Adherence: Usability and Feasibility Assessment
This report assesses the design, development, deployment, and future use of a PC CDS application (app) that supports hypertension medication adherence.
PAIGE Chatbot for Patient-Clinician Communication: Usability and Utility Assessment
This report assesses the future use of a patient-facing large language model-powered PC CDS prototype that seeks to streamline patient-provider communication.
Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Workgroup: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities for Patient Engagement, Implementation, Adoption, and Scaling Through PC CDS Case Studies
This report offers insights and recommendations for implementing and scaling patient-centered clinical decision support.
Scaling, Measurement, and Dissemination of CDS Workgroup: PC CDS Planning, Implementation, and Reporting User Guide
This user guide provides details on capturing patient-centered clinical decision support implementation features.
Patient Reported Outcome Clinical Decision Support Dashboard Overview
This slideshow provides an overview of two dashboards measuring the performance of patient-centered clinical decision support.
Measurement and Outcomes Workgroup: Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Planning and Reporting Tool User Guide
This user guide provides information about how to complete the Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Planning and Reporting Tool.
Measurement and Outcomes Workgroup: Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Planning and Reporting Tool 
This tool supports research teams and others in describing how they addressed four key patient-centered clinical decision support lifecycle phases and associated patient-centered factors when implementing a patient-centered clinical decision support tool.
Integrating a Patient Engagement App into an Electronic Health Record-Enabled Workflow Using Interoperability Standards
This article published in Applied Clinical Informatics (ACI) describes the process of using interoperability standards to integrate a COVID-19 Tracker mobile application within an EHR.
A Lifecycle Framework Illustrates Eight Stages Necessary for Realizing the Benefits of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support
This article, published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (JAMIA), discusses a comprehensive patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS) lifecycle framework developed and vetted by members of the CDSiC team.
CDS Standards and Regulatory Frameworks Workgroup: An Initial Taxonomy of Override Reasons for Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support (PC CDS) Recommendations
This taxonomy provides a shared set of override domains that can be used by developers and researchers when analyzing why users do not accept patient-centered clinical decision support guidance.
Scaling, Measurement, and Dissemination of CDS Workgroup: PC CDS Performance Measurement Inventory
This inventory identifies available measures and metrics to assess patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS) performance.
Trust and Patient-Centeredness Workgroup: Improving the Source Credibility of Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools
This report provides a framework for understanding the role of source credibility in patient-centered clinical decision support tools.
Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support Challenges and Opportunities Identified from Workflow Execution Models
This article, published in the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association (JAMIA), uses workflow execution models to highlight new considerations for patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS) policies, processes, procedures, technology, and expertise required to support new workflows. Implementing and working with these new PC CDS-focused workflow execution models can lead to long-term positive impacts on patient health.